是美国前总统亚伯拉罕·林肯最著名的演说,也是美国历史上为人引用最多之政治性演说。1863年11月19日,也就是美国内战中葛底斯堡战役结束的四个半月后,林肯在宾夕法尼亚州葛底斯堡的葛底斯堡国家公墓(Gettysburg National Cemetery)揭幕式中发表此次演说,哀悼在长达五个半月的葛底斯堡之役中阵亡的将士。林肯的演讲于当天第二顺位发表,修辞细腻周密,其后成为美国历史上最伟大的演说之一。以不足三百字的字数,两到三分钟的时间,林肯诉诸独立宣言所支持的"凡人生而平等"之原则,并重新定义这场内战:不只是为联邦存续而奋斗,亦是"自由之新生",将真平等带给全体公民。
Gettysburg Address
Abraham Lincoln Four score and seven years ago our fathersbrought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the propositionthat all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war,testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, canlong endure. We are met on a great battle field of that war. We have come todedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who heregave their lives that this nation might live. It is altogether fitting andproper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we can notdedicate—we can not consecrate—we can not hallow—this ground. The brave men,living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poorpower to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what wesay here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living,rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought herehave thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated tothe great task remaining before us — that from these honored dead we takeincreased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure ofdevotion — that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died invain — that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom — andthat ** of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perishfrom the earth.
吾邦既立,尔来八十有七年矣。承先辈戮力,英杰奋起,抱自由之理想,怀平等之信仰,饮血刀锋,跃马疆场,方有吾邦。 今昔战事又起,南北对峙。此诚国家之考验,自由之理想,平等之信仰,可真长久耶?硝烟未尽,吾辈相聚于此,追思先贤,俯仰热土蒸血,此真为英烈忠魂之所托也!捧土为祭,洒泪做歌,发乎幽思,亦吾辈之所当为也。 然热土蒸腾,先辈毕生忠勇奋斗之所寄,尤添荣光,非吾辈所可抑扬。此只言片语,不足为世之所铭记,然先烈于此之壮举,必不为世之所忘也!余生者,后辈者,当承继英烈,蹈赴荆棘,则虽死犹生;当萃取精神,献身伟业,则灵明既张。逝者如斯,吾辈有言——其死必得其所,乃无徒劳;吾邦天佑,必得自由新生;吾民有、民享、民治之政府,必得与世长存。
(读后让人感慨万千,林肯,不愧为大智慧者,内战之后,他站得那么高,看得那么远,并以他的赤诚修复国家创伤。。。。一代伟人啊)
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